Chapter 2
Match Logistics
Bruce Gabrielson, PhD
1994 US SOMBO Team Coach
SOMBO Matches
SOMBO tournaments and matches are similar to freestyle or Greco-
Roman wrestling matches, with time periods equivalent to AAU time
periods for individual age groups. While time periods change on
occasion, the current time periods are listed below:
- Group/Age
- Bantam/8 under & Midget/9-10
- two 1 min. with 30 sec. break
- Junior/11-12
- two 2 min with 30 sec. break
- School Boy/12-14 & Cadet/15-16
- one 4 minute
- Elite/17-18 & Open
- one 6 minute
- Masters (over 30)
- two 2 minute
Called to the Mat
To start the match, wrestlers are called to the opposite
sides
of the little circle at the center of the mat and shake hands
with
the referee. Wrestlers normally stand on the same side as their
color shown by the referee. The referee inspects jacket sleeve
length (must reach wrist) and belt tightness of each wrestler.
Then the wrestlers shake hands (rather then bowing as in JUDO)
step
back and prepare to wrestle on the whistle.
Action starts and stops on whistle signals by the referee. The
referee does not need to be in the center with the wrestlers to
start the match. Often he will step back several feet before
blowing his whistle.
The mat itself is a soft surface wrestling mat (13 meters by 13
meters) with the match setup as shown in the figure below.
Coach's
(usually one or two each) are allowed to sit at the mat corners
on
each side of the table. As in other international wrestling
styles, there are three officials for a match, a head official at
the table, one on the mat (referee) and one sitting across from
the table (mat judge).

Typical SOMBO Mat Set-up
The referee and judge work together but make each call based on
their own viewing perspective and opinion. Since each has a
different viewing perspective they do not always agree on a call,
allowing the head official to mediate the technique points he
feels
are correct. The head official only makes the final decision
when
the mat judge and referee do not agree. If they both agree on a
call, and the head judge doesn't agree, he can request a
conference
at the table. If after a conference the mat judge and referee
still agree, the head judge is required to follow their decision,
even though he is the head official.
Two officials must always agree to score a total victory fall or
any other technique points. However, if a wrestler has two
cautions and is in danger of being cautioned out, a fourth
official
will be brought to the mat, and all four must agree to default a
match on a third caution.
SOMBO Uniforms
SOMBO wrestlers compete in outfits that combine the wrestling
singlet with a JUDO type jacket or gi. Unlike JUDO competitors
who
are bare-footed, SOMBO wrestlers wear special light weight
leather
shoes or traditional wrestling shoes. Shorts (tight or loose)
and
no shirt are the normal under-jacket uniform. Often, especially
in
kids competitions when the event is held with other styles,
wrestlers will only wear the bottom half of a traditional
wrestling
singlet. Female wrestlers are allowed to wear a t-shirt under their
jacket.
While JUDO jackets are acceptable, but not recommended, for club
practice, the regulation SOMBO jacket itself differs from a
judogi jacket in four ways: (1) sleeves extend to the wrist
(similar to karate and Tae Kwon Do jackets), (2) the body of the
jacket fits tighter and is slightly shorter and heavier, (3) the
jacket has epaulets or shoulder cuffs sewn on each shoulder for
grasping, and (4) the belt is worn through loops which keep it in
place (the belt can be held in SOMBO).
Wrestlers compete in a red or blue jacket and singlet just as in
wrestling, rather then white with a colored belt as in JUDO.
This means that competitors must have two jackets, a red and a
blue, rather then a single white jacket. However, some local
competitions allow the white SOMBO jacket with a colored belt.
Tournaments
In the U.S., SOMBO tournaments draw slightly fewer competitors
then average JUDO events. However, there are fewer SOMBO events,
so competitors normally travel further to compete. It is not
unusual to find wrestlers from the mid-west at east coast
tournaments and vice-versa. Some U.S. regions, particularly the
Mid-Atlantic area have experienced considerable growth in recent
years, with a marked increase in tournament frequency and
participation. The biggest factor in holding tournaments is the
availability of jackets for competitors, since few newer
wrestlers have their own. In Europe, SOMBO is considered a major
sport, and most competitors are required to have their own
equipment.
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